Escapement Papers ISSUE 01
ISSUE 01written 2026-08-26

Amplitude scales with the lift angle you enter, so an angle that is too small inflates the reading. The failure is not the wrong number; it is the service that does not happen.

The amplitude trap: a wrong angle hides a tired movement

issue ISSUE 01written 2026-08-26responsible Escapement Papers (a named bench, not a person)

273entered 44250true 48231entered 52ONE MOVEMENT, THREE REPORTED AMPLITUDESa smaller angle than the truth inflates the reading
a smaller angle than the truth inflates the reading

tape card: the direction of the error

Angle errorAmplitude reportedWhat it hides
Too smallToo highA tired train
Too largeToo lowA healthy movement, wrongly condemned
CorrectCorrectNothing

The arithmetic, worked

Amplitude is computed from the fraction of the beat the balance spends crossing the lift angle. If you tell the machine the angle is 44 degrees when it is really 48, the machine thinks the balance crossed a shorter arc in the time it measured, and concludes it is swinging further. The reading comes out high by roughly the ratio of the two angles.

True angleAngle enteredTrue amplitudeReported amplitude
48 degrees48 degrees250 degrees250 degrees
48 degrees44 degrees250 degreesabout 273 degrees
48 degrees52 degrees250 degreesabout 231 degrees
48 degreesunknown250 degreesunusable

Why the high direction is the dangerous one

A reading that is too low sends a healthy watch for a service that it did not need. That is a cost. A reading that is too high keeps a tired movement in use, which is a wear problem that gets worse and eventually costs more than the service would have. The bench's concern is the second case, and it is the one an unset default produces.

A quick sanity check: a well-made watch at full wind rarely exceeds about 310 degrees of amplitude. A reading above that is more likely to be a wrong angle than an exceptional movement.

A sentence to argue with

The bench holds that an amplitude of 270 degrees with an undisclosed lift angle is not a measurement, it is a rumour. Some watchmakers will argue that a default angle is close enough for a service decision; the bench's answer is that the default is wrong by more than the width of the decision band on a large share of modern movements.

References

  1. Ref 1Stud (Hairspring Stud), Horopedia – Watchmaking Encyclopediasupports the stud whose position affects the rate the amplitude is read with
  2. Ref 2Bearings (Jewels), Horopedia – Watchmaking Encyclopediasupports the jewelled bearings whose friction shows up as amplitude loss
  3. Ref 3Mainspring, Fondation de la Haute Horlogerie encyclopediasupports the mainspring as the source of the energy amplitude measures

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Set this page down Set this page down when you have set the angle and re-read the amplitude.